Chapter
I: Introduction
A.
Background
of the Study
The scientific name of glue is
“Cyanoacrylates”.
Glue is the chief topic in this
investigatory project. Glue is widely used worldwide. From schools to offices,
from homes to buildings, glue is always present to help in individuals in their
daily lives. This material can be used in simple works or as an emergency
utensil; from torn books to stripped parts of paper works; this tool is very
significant in our lives.
Glue is
a sticky material (usually a liquid) that can stick two or
more things together. Glue can be made
from plant or animal parts, or it can be made from
oil-based chemicals. The first glues may have been natural liquids that
come out of trees when they are cut. Later people learned to make
glue by boiling animal feet, cartilage or bones. Some very strong glue is
made from fish bones, rubber or milk. Simple glue can be made at
home by mixing wheat flour and water. This glue will stick pieces of
paper together. Many kinds of art can be made using glue.
A collage is a work of art made by using glue to stick colored things
onto paper.
Some glue can be used to keep
water out of boats, buildings or vehicles. In this case the
glue may be called caulk. Some man-made materials, including
wood-like materials, are made using glues to bind together small pieces of
material or powders. These qualities of our project, the homemade glue,
really come in handy to our fellows with problems
about toxics in their homes. This project isn’t only
helpful to us, but is also easy to organize in times of financial crisis
and emergencies to come.
B.
Statement of The Problem
Which is more effective the Commercial ones or Homemade Glue which is
only made of Milk?
Sub-problems
1.
Is it effective?
2.
Are the ingredients easy to find?
3.
Is it eco-friendly?
C.
Significance of the Study
Everybody can benefit from this study, because without this kind of study,
especially the students. It can benefit the students when they need to paste
their test results in their notebooks. In making their school projects and they
have projects to make in their respective houses.
The people who will
benefit from this home-made glue are the following:
1st are we, as a Student we all need glue to sticking our test results in our notebooks.
1st are we, as a Student we all need glue to sticking our test results in our notebooks.
2nd is the
people who works in the office might need glue because they use it as the paste
their finished product to be submitted to their boss.
3rd is the
teachers, they will need in order to paste the students test result in the
notebook.
D.
Scope
and Limitations
The
aspects were covered by the study is that students don’t to buy commercial glues
which are expensive. They can just make their own glue using milk and other
ingredients which are only found in the house.
It
may take a couple of hours to make.
The
limitations of the study that we should know is that to make homemade glue
using only materials found in our house no need to buy expensive glue. Just
make your own homemade glue, it’s easy and affordable.
Chapter
II: Review of Literature
A.Review of Literature
When
I searched Google about the homemade glue, there were many related study. Some
use cassava flour in making glue some use Styrofoam, honey in making. When I
found out that milk can also be used as alternative glue combining with the
other ingredients in making homemade glue.
The
glue that I’ll be experimenting is called “Casein Glue.”
Casein
glue is the name for a family of related phosphoproteins (αS1, αS2, β, κ).
These proteins are commonly found in mammalian milk, making up 80% of the
proteins in cow milk and between 20% and 45% of the proteins in human milk. Casein
has a wide variety of uses, from being a major component of cheese, to use as a
food additive, to a binder for safety matches. As a food source, casein
supplies amino acids, carbohydrates, and the two inorganic elements calcium and
phosphorus.
Milk
is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary
source of nutrition for young mammals before they are able to digest other
types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the
mother's antibodies to the baby and can reduce the risk of many diseases in the
baby. It also contains many other nutrients. As an agricultural product, milk
is extracted from mammals during or soon after pregnancy and used as food for
humans. Worldwide, dairy farms produced about 730 million tons of milk in 2011.
India is the world's largest producer and consumer of milk, yet neither exports
nor imports milk. New Zealand, the European Union's 28 member states, Australia,
and the United States are the world's largest exporters of milk and milk
products. China and Russia are the world's largest importers of milk and milk
products. Throughout the world, there are more than 6 billion consumers of milk
and milk products. Over 750 million people live within dairy farming
households. Milk is a key contributor to improving nutrition and food security
particularly in developing countries. Improvements in livestock and dairy
technology offer significant promise in reducing poverty and malnutrition in
the world.
Vinegar
Are
liquids consisting mainly of acetic acid
(CH3COOH,) and water. The acetic acid is produced by the fermentation of ethanol
by acetic acid bacteria. Vinegar is now mainly used as a cooking ingredient,
but historically, as the most easily available mild acid, it had a great
variety of industrial, medical, and domestic uses, some of which (such as a
general household cleanser) are still promoted today. There are many types of
vinegar such as: coconut, cane balsamic, apple cider and many more.
Baking
soda or Sodium Bicarbonate
Is
the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. Sodium bicarbonate is a white
solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly
salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The
natural mineral form is nahcolite. It is a component of the mineral natron and
is found dissolved in many mineral springs. It is among the food additives
encoded by European Union, identified by the initials E 500. Since it has long
been known and is widely used, the salt has many related names such as baking
soda, bread soda, cooking soda, and bicarbonate of soda. In colloquial usage,
its name is sometimes shortened to sodium bicarb, bicarb soda, or simply
bicarb. The word saleratus, from Latin sal æratus meaning aerated salt, was
widely used in the 19th century for both sodium bicarbonate and potassium
bicarbonate. The term has now fallen out of common usage.
B.Hypothesis
I,
the researcher, hypothesized that my homemade glue using milk can be
alternative glue encase of emergency when there is no available glue. You can
just make your own and it's easy to make and find the materials.
C.Definition of terms
·
Casein
glue - made from casein; used for
e.g. plywood and cabinetwork
·
Casein-
the main protein present in milk
and (in coagulated form) in cheese. It is used in processed foods and in
adhesives, paints, and other industrial products.
·
Sodium
Bicarbonate- sodium bicarbonate
used in cooking, for cleaning, or in toothpaste.
·
Vinegar-
a sour-tasting liquid containing
acetic acid, obtained by fermenting dilute alcoholic liquids, typically wine,
cider, or beer, and used as a condiment or for pickling.
Chapter III: Methodology
A.Research Design
The
design of my research is to help my other fellow classmates on how to make glue
and not buy expensive glues. In this kind of study you know to make glue made
out of milk, vinegar, baking soda, etc.
The
experimental variable is the homemade glue while the control is the commercial
ones.
B. Materials
·
Sauce
pan
·
Vinegar
·
Baking
Soda
·
Tablespoons
·
Water
·
Empty
bottle
·
Ladle
·
Milk (skimmed)
·
Strainer
·
Funnel
C. Procedure
·
Prepare
the sauce pan and the stove.
·
Pour
the milk into the sauce pan. Wait until it boils.
·
Add
3 teaspoon of Vinegar. Keep stirring until the curdles are forming.
·
Remove
the curdles from the sauce pan into the strainer.
·
Put
back the curdles and Add baking soda and water to the sauce pan.
·
Wait
until it boils. Add water if needed.
·
When
bubbles appeared it means you’re done.
Chapter VI:
Results and Findings
A.Presentation of Data
The Date shows that the effectively of the Homemade glue is 45- 55
based on my survey to my friends. They say that it is effective some say that
it’s not effective because it is easily been torn.
V. Summary,
Conclusions, and Recommendations
A. Summary
Glue is important to us, especially in schools, offices, and copier
center and etc. because it is very useful for the students. The homemade glue
that I’ll be making is organic and it’s easy to find the materials and it is
convenient rather than buying commercial ones which are expensive. Not harmful
to the environment and to the people.
In a form of a Pie Chart.
B.Conclusion
Therefore, I conclude that the glue that I made is effective. And it’s
very useful for the students for their school project and it’s very convenient
to us.
C. Recommendation
I, the researcher, recommended that you should try my homemade glue.
Why? Because it’s just like a commercial glues. You should try making your own
glue so that encase of emergency that can make in a couple of hours.
Chapter VI:
Appendices
A.Bibliography
B.Curriculum Vitae
Name: Tecson, Fatima Abigail Vequiso
Age: 13 years old
Address: 854 Faithful St. Hipodromo C.C.
Philippines 6000
Date of Birth: May 2, 2000
Civil Status: Single
Sex: Female
Telephone No: 032-233-1761
Cellphone No: 092-273-043-64
Place of Birth: Mandaue City
Religion: Roman Catholic
Citizenship: Filipino
EDUCATIONAL
BACKGROUND
|
Pre-Elementary
School
|
Saint Francis
of Assisi School
|
|
Elementary
School (1st-6th Grade)
|
Saint Francis
of Assisi School
|
|
High school (7th
and 8th Grade)
|
Saint Francis
of Assisi School
|
